Fix coverage

This lets you do something like "nilmtool extract | head" without
triggering backtraces.

README.txt

@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@ Prerequisites:
   sudo apt-get install python-cherrypy3 python-decorator python-simplejson
   sudo apt-get install python-requests python-dateutil python-tz python-psutil
 
+  # Other dependencies (required by some modules)
+  sudo apt-get install python-numpy
+
   # Tools for running tests
   sudo apt-get install python-nose python-coverage
 

docs/design.md

@@ -389,3 +389,35 @@ Possible solutions:
     are always printed as int64 values, and a new format
     "@1234567890123456" is added to the parser for specifying them
     exactly.
+
+Binary interface
+----------------
+
+The ASCII interface is too slow for high-bandwidth processing, like
+sinefits, prep, etc.  A binary interface was added so that you can
+extract the raw binary out of the bulkdata storage.  This binary is
+a little-endian format, e.g. in C a uint16_6 stream would be:
+
+    #include <endian.h>
+    #include <stdint.h>
+    struct {
+        int64_t timestamp_le;
+        uint16_t data_le[6];
+    } __attribute__((packed));
+
+Remember to byteswap (with e.g. `letoh` in C)!
+
+This interface is used by the new `nilmdb.client.numpyclient.NumpyClient`
+class, which is a subclass of the normal `nilmcb.client.client.Client`
+and has all of the same functions.  It adds three new functions:
+
+- `stream_extract_numpy` to extract data as a Numpy array
+
+- `stream_insert_numpy` to insert data as a Numpy array
+
+- `stream_insert_numpy_context` is the context manager for
+  incrementally inserting data
+
+It is significantly faster!  It is about 20 times faster to decimate a
+stream with `nilm-decimate` when the filter code is using the new
+binary/numpy interface.

docs/wsgi.md

@@ -19,8 +19,9 @@ Then, set up Apache with a configuration like:
 
     <VirtualHost>
         WSGIScriptAlias /nilmdb /home/nilm/nilmdb.wsgi
-        WSGIProcessGroup nilmdb-server
-        WSGIDaemonProcess nilmdb-server threads=32 user=nilm group=nilm
+        WSGIApplicationGroup nilmdb-appgroup
+        WSGIProcessGroup nilmdb-procgroup
+        WSGIDaemonProcess nilmdb-procgroup threads=32 user=nilm group=nilm
 
         # Access control example:
         <Location /nilmdb>

nilmdb/client/client.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import nilmdb.utils
 import nilmdb.client.httpclient
 from nilmdb.client.errors import ClientError
 
+import re
 import time
 import simplejson as json
 import contextlib
@@ -65,7 +66,12 @@ class Client(object):
             params["layout"] = layout
         if extended:
             params["extended"] = 1
-        return self.http.get("stream/list", params)
+        def sort_streams_nicely(x):
+            """Human-friendly sort (/stream/2 before /stream/10)"""
+            num = lambda t: int(t) if t.isdigit() else t
+            key = lambda k: [ num(c) for c in re.split('([0-9]+)', k[0]) ]
+            return sorted(x, key = key)
+        return sort_streams_nicely(self.http.get("stream/list", params))
 
     def stream_get_metadata(self, path, keys = None):
         params = { "path": path }
@@ -121,10 +127,11 @@ class Client(object):
     @contextlib.contextmanager
     def stream_insert_context(self, path, start = None, end = None):
         """Return a context manager that allows data to be efficiently
-        inserted into a stream in a piecewise manner.  Data is be provided
-        as single lines, and is aggregated and sent to the server in larger
-        chunks as necessary.  Data lines must match the database layout for
-        the given path, and end with a newline.
+        inserted into a stream in a piecewise manner.  Data is
+        provided as ASCII lines, and is aggregated and sent to the
+        server in larger or smaller chunks as necessary.  Data lines
+        must match the database layout for the given path, and end
+        with a newline.
 
         Example:
           with client.stream_insert_context('/path', start, end) as ctx:
@@ -136,15 +143,16 @@ class Client(object):
         This may make multiple requests to the server, if the data is
         large enough or enough time has passed between insertions.
         """
-        ctx = StreamInserter(self.http, path, start, end)
+        ctx = StreamInserter(self, path, start, end)
         yield ctx
         ctx.finalize()
 
     def stream_insert(self, path, data, start = None, end = None):
         """Insert rows of data into a stream.  data should be a string
         or iterable that provides ASCII data that matches the database
-        layout for path.  See stream_insert_context for details on the
-        'start' and 'end' parameters."""
+        layout for path.  Data is passed through stream_insert_context,
+        so it will be broken into reasonably-sized chunks and
+        start/end will be deduced if missing."""
         with self.stream_insert_context(path, start, end) as ctx:
             if isinstance(data, basestring):
                 ctx.insert(data)
@@ -153,11 +161,28 @@ class Client(object):
                     ctx.insert(chunk)
         return ctx.last_response
 
+    def stream_insert_block(self, path, data, start, end, binary = False):
+        """Insert a single fixed block of data into the stream.  It is
+        sent directly to the server in one block with no further
+        processing.
+
+        If 'binary' is True, provide raw binary data in little-endian
+        format matching the path layout, including an int64 timestamp.
+        Otherwise, provide ASCII data matching the layout."""
+        params = {
+            "path": path,
+            "start": timestamp_to_string(start),
+            "end": timestamp_to_string(end),
+        }
+        if binary:
+            params["binary"] = 1
+        return self.http.put("stream/insert", data, params, binary = binary)
+
     def stream_intervals(self, path, start = None, end = None, diffpath = None):
         """
         Return a generator that yields each stream interval.
 
-        If diffpath is not None, yields only interval ranges that are
+        If 'diffpath' is not None, yields only interval ranges that are
         present in 'path' but not in 'diffpath'.
         """
         params = {
@@ -172,17 +197,22 @@ class Client(object):
         return self.http.get_gen("stream/intervals", params)
 
     def stream_extract(self, path, start = None, end = None,
-                       count = False, markup = False):
+                       count = False, markup = False, binary = False):
         """
         Extract data from a stream.  Returns a generator that yields
         lines of ASCII-formatted data that matches the database
         layout for the given path.
 
-        Specify count = True to return a count of matching data points
+        If 'count' is True, return a count of matching data points
         rather than the actual data.  The output format is unchanged.
 
-        Specify markup = True to include comments in the returned data
+        If 'markup' is True, include comments in the returned data
         that indicate interval starts and ends.
+
+        If 'binary' is True, return chunks of raw binary data, rather
+        than lines of ASCII-formatted data.  Raw binary data is
+        little-endian and matches the database types (including an
+        int64 timestamp).
         """
         params = {
             "path": path,
@@ -195,7 +225,9 @@ class Client(object):
             params["count"] = 1
         if markup:
             params["markup"] = 1
-        return self.http.get_gen("stream/extract", params)
+        if binary:
+            params["binary"] = 1
+        return self.http.get_gen("stream/extract", params, binary = binary)
 
     def stream_count(self, path, start = None, end = None):
         """
@@ -244,13 +276,13 @@ class StreamInserter(object):
     _max_data = 2 * 1024 * 1024
     _max_data_after_send = 64 * 1024
 
-    def __init__(self, http, path, start = None, end = None):
-        """'http' is the httpclient object.  'path' is the database
+    def __init__(self, client, path, start, end):
+        """'client' is the client object.  'path' is the database
         path to insert to.  'start' and 'end' are used for the first
-        contiguous interval."""
+        contiguous interval and may be None."""
         self.last_response = None
 
-        self._http = http
+        self._client = client
         self._path = path
 
         # Start and end for the overall contiguous interval we're
@@ -313,6 +345,11 @@ class StreamInserter(object):
         part of a new interval and there may be a gap left in-between."""
         self._send_block(final = True)
 
+    def send(self):
+        """Send any data that we might have buffered up.  Does not affect
+        any other treatment of timestamps or endpoints."""
+        self._send_block(final = False)
+
     def _get_first_noncomment(self, block):
         """Return the (start, end) indices of the first full line in
         block that isn't a comment, or raise IndexError if
@@ -413,9 +450,7 @@ class StreamInserter(object):
             raise ClientError("have data to send, but no start/end times")
 
         # Send it
-        params = { "path": self._path,
-                   "start": timestamp_to_string(start_ts),
-                   "end": timestamp_to_string(end_ts) }
-        self.last_response = self._http.put("stream/insert", block, params)
+        self.last_response = self._client.stream_insert_block(
+            self._path, block, start_ts, end_ts, binary = False)
 
         return

nilmdb/client/httpclient.py

@@ -105,12 +105,17 @@ class HTTPClient(object):
         else:
             return self._req("POST", url, None, params)
 
-    def put(self, url, data, params = None):
+    def put(self, url, data, params = None, binary = False):
         """Simple PUT (parameters in URL, data in body)"""
-        return self._req("PUT", url, params, data)
+        if binary:
+            h = { 'Content-type': 'application/octet-stream' }
+        else:
+            h = { 'Content-type': 'text/plain; charset=utf-8' }
+        return self._req("PUT", url, query = params, body = data, headers = h)
 
     # Generator versions that return data one line at a time.
-    def _req_gen(self, method, url, query = None, body = None, headers = None):
+    def _req_gen(self, method, url, query = None, body = None,
+                 headers = None, binary = False):
         """
         Make a request and return a generator that gives back strings
         or JSON decoded lines of the body data, or raise an error if
@@ -118,16 +123,19 @@ class HTTPClient(object):
         """
         (response, isjson) = self._do_req(method, url, query, body,
                                           stream = True, headers = headers)
-        if isjson:
+        if binary:
+            for chunk in response.iter_content(chunk_size = 65536):
+                yield chunk
+        elif isjson:
             for line in response.iter_lines():
                 yield json.loads(line)
         else:
             for line in response.iter_lines():
                 yield line
 
-    def get_gen(self, url, params = None):
+    def get_gen(self, url, params = None, binary = False):
         """Simple GET (parameters in URL) returning a generator"""
-        return self._req_gen("GET", url, params)
+        return self._req_gen("GET", url, params, binary = binary)
 
     # Not much use for a POST or PUT generator, since they don't
     # return much data.

nilmdb/client/numpyclient.py

@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""Provide a NumpyClient class that is based on normal Client, but has
+additional methods for extracting and inserting data via Numpy arrays."""
+
+import nilmdb.utils
+import nilmdb.client.client
+import nilmdb.client.httpclient
+from nilmdb.client.errors import ClientError
+
+import contextlib
+from nilmdb.utils.time import timestamp_to_string, string_to_timestamp
+
+import numpy
+import cStringIO
+
+def layout_to_dtype(layout):
+    ltype = layout.split('_')[0]
+    lcount = int(layout.split('_')[1])
+    if ltype.startswith('int'):
+        atype = '<i' + str(int(ltype[3:]) / 8)
+    elif ltype.startswith('uint'):
+        atype = '<u' + str(int(ltype[4:]) / 8)
+    elif ltype.startswith('float'):
+        atype = '<f' + str(int(ltype[5:]) / 8)
+    else:
+        raise ValueError("bad layout")
+    return numpy.dtype([('timestamp', '<i8'), ('data', atype, lcount)])
+
+class NumpyClient(nilmdb.client.client.Client):
+    """Subclass of nilmdb.client.Client that adds additional methods for
+    extracting and inserting data via Numpy arrays."""
+
+    def _get_dtype(self, path, layout):
+        if layout is None:
+            streams = self.stream_list(path)
+            if len(streams) != 1:
+                raise ClientError("can't get layout for path: " + path)
+            layout = streams[0][1]
+        return layout_to_dtype(layout)
+
+    def stream_extract_numpy(self, path, start = None, end = None,
+                             layout = None, maxrows = 100000,
+                             structured = False):
+        """
+        Extract data from a stream.  Returns a generator that yields
+        Numpy arrays of up to 'maxrows' of data each.
+
+        If 'layout' is None, it is read using stream_info.
+
+        If 'structured' is False, all data is converted to float64
+        and returned in a flat 2D array.  Otherwise, data is returned
+        as a structured dtype in a 1D array.
+        """
+        dtype = self._get_dtype(path, layout)
+
+        def to_numpy(data):
+            a = numpy.fromstring(data, dtype)
+            if structured:
+                return a
+            return numpy.c_[a['timestamp'], a['data']]
+
+        chunks = []
+        total_len = 0
+        maxsize = dtype.itemsize * maxrows
+        for data in self.stream_extract(path, start, end, binary = True):
+            # Add this block of binary data
+            chunks.append(data)
+            total_len += len(data)
+
+            # See if we have enough to make the requested Numpy array
+            while total_len >= maxsize:
+                assembled = "".join(chunks)
+                total_len -= maxsize
+                chunks = [ assembled[maxsize:] ]
+                block = assembled[:maxsize]
+                yield to_numpy(block)
+
+        if total_len:
+            yield to_numpy("".join(chunks))
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def stream_insert_numpy_context(self, path, start = None, end = None,
+                                    layout = None):
+        """Return a context manager that allows data to be efficiently
+        inserted into a stream in a piecewise manner.  Data is
+        provided as Numpy arrays, and is aggregated and sent to the
+        server in larger or smaller chunks as necessary.  Data format
+        must match the database layout for the given path.
+
+        For more details, see help for
+        nilmdb.client.numpyclient.StreamInserterNumpy
+
+        If 'layout' is not None, use it as the layout rather than
+        querying the database.
+        """
+        dtype = self._get_dtype(path, layout)
+        ctx = StreamInserterNumpy(self, path, start, end, dtype)
+        yield ctx
+        ctx.finalize()
+
+    def stream_insert_numpy(self, path, data, start = None, end = None,
+                            layout = None):
+        """Insert data into a stream.  data should be a Numpy array
+        which will be passed through stream_insert_numpy_context to
+        break it into chunks etc.  See the help for that function
+        for details."""
+        with self.stream_insert_numpy_context(path, start, end, layout) as ctx:
+            if isinstance(data, numpy.ndarray):
+                ctx.insert(data)
+            else:
+                for chunk in data:
+                    ctx.insert(chunk)
+        return ctx.last_response
+
+class StreamInserterNumpy(nilmdb.client.client.StreamInserter):
+    """Object returned by stream_insert_numpy_context() that manages
+    the insertion of rows of data into a particular path.
+
+    See help for nilmdb.client.client.StreamInserter for details.
+    The only difference is that, instead of ASCII formatted data,
+    this context manager can take Numpy arrays, which are either
+    structured (1D with complex dtype) or flat (2D with simple dtype).
+    """
+
+    # Soft limit of how many bytes to send per HTTP request.
+    _max_data = 2 * 1024 * 1024
+
+    def __init__(self, client, path, start, end, dtype):
+        """
+        'client' is the client object.  'path' is the database path
+        to insert to.  'start' and 'end' are used for the first
+        contiguous interval and may be None.  'dtype' is the Numpy
+        dtype for this stream.
+        """
+        self.last_response = None
+
+        self._dtype = dtype
+        self._client = client
+        self._path = path
+
+        # Start and end for the overall contiguous interval we're
+        # filling
+        self._interval_start = start
+        self._interval_end = end
+
+        # Max rows to send at once
+        self._max_rows = self._max_data // self._dtype.itemsize
+
+        # List of the current arrays we're building up to send
+        self._block_arrays = []
+        self._block_rows = 0
+
+    def insert(self, array):
+        """Insert Numpy data, which must match the layout type."""
+        if type(array) != numpy.ndarray:
+            array = numpy.array(array)
+        if array.ndim == 1:
+            # Already a structured array; just verify the type
+            if array.dtype != self._dtype:
+                raise ValueError("wrong dtype for 1D (structured) array")
+        elif array.ndim == 2:
+            # Convert to structured array
+            sarray = numpy.zeros(array.shape[0], dtype=self._dtype)
+            try:
+                sarray['timestamp'] = array[:,0]
+                # Need the squeeze in case sarray['data'] is 1 dimensional
+                sarray['data'] = numpy.squeeze(array[:,1:])
+            except (IndexError, ValueError):
+                raise ValueError("wrong number of fields for this data type")
+            array = sarray
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("wrong number of dimensions in array")
+
+        length = len(array)
+        maxrows = self._max_rows
+
+        if length == 0:
+            return
+        if length > maxrows:
+            # This is more than twice what we wanted to send, so split
+            # it up.  This is a bit inefficient, but the user really
+            # shouldn't be providing this much data at once.
+            for cut in range(0, length, maxrows):
+                self.insert(array[cut:(cut + maxrows)])
+            return
+
+        # Add this array to our list
+        self._block_arrays.append(array)
+        self._block_rows += length
+
+        # Send if it's too long
+        if self._block_rows >= maxrows:
+            self._send_block(final = False)
+
+    def _send_block(self, final = False):
+        """Send the data current stored up.  One row might be left
+        over if we need its timestamp saved."""
+
+        # Build the full array to send
+        if self._block_rows == 0:
+            array = numpy.zeros(0, dtype = self._dtype)
+        else:
+            array = numpy.hstack(self._block_arrays)
+
+        # Get starting timestamp
+        start_ts = self._interval_start
+        if start_ts is None:
+            # Pull start from the first row
+            try:
+                start_ts = array['timestamp'][0]
+            except IndexError:
+                pass # no timestamp is OK, if we have no data
+
+        # Get ending timestamp
+        if final:
+            # For a final block, the timestamp is either the
+            # user-provided end, or the timestamp of the last line
+            # plus epsilon.
+            end_ts = self._interval_end
+            if end_ts is None:
+                try:
+                    end_ts = array['timestamp'][-1]
+                    end_ts += nilmdb.utils.time.epsilon
+                except IndexError:
+                    pass # no timestamp is OK, if we have no data
+            self._block_arrays = []
+            self._block_rows = 0
+
+            # Next block is completely fresh
+            self._interval_start = None
+            self._interval_end = None
+        else:
+            # An intermediate block.  We need to save the last row
+            # for the next block, and use its timestamp as the ending
+            # timestamp for this one.
+            if len(array) < 2:
+                # Not enough data to send an intermediate block
+                return
+            end_ts = array['timestamp'][-1]
+            if self._interval_end is not None and end_ts > self._interval_end:
+                # User gave us bad endpoints; send it anyway, and let
+                # the server complain so that the error is the same
+                # as if we hadn't done this chunking.
+                end_ts = self._interval_end
+            self._block_arrays = [ array[-1:] ]
+            self._block_rows = 1
+            array = array[:-1]
+
+            # Next block continues where this one ended
+            self._interval_start = end_ts
+
+        # If we have no endpoints, it's because we had no data to send.
+        if start_ts is None or end_ts is None:
+            return
+
+        # Send it
+        data = array.tostring()
+        self.last_response = self._client.stream_insert_block(
+            self._path, data, start_ts, end_ts, binary = True)
+
+        return

nilmdb/cmdline/cmdline.py

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import sys
 import os
 import argparse
 from argparse import ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter as def_form
+import signal
 
 try: # pragma: no cover
     import argcomplete
@@ -80,8 +81,14 @@ class Cmdline(object):
 
     def __init__(self, argv = None):
         self.argv = argv or sys.argv[1:]
+        try:
+            # Assume command line arguments are encoded with stdin's encoding,
+            # and reverse it.  Won't be needed in Python 3, but for now..
+            self.argv = [ x.decode(sys.stdin.encoding) for x in self.argv ]
+        except Exception: # pragma: no cover
+            pass
         self.client = None
-        self.def_url = os.environ.get("NILMDB_URL", "http://localhost:12380")
+        self.def_url = os.environ.get("NILMDB_URL", "http://localhost/nilmdb/")
         self.subcmd = {}
         self.complete = Complete()
 
@@ -126,6 +133,13 @@ class Cmdline(object):
         sys.exit(-1)
 
     def run(self):
+        # Set SIGPIPE to its default handler -- we don't need Python
+        # to catch it for us.
+        try:
+            signal.signal(signal.SIGPIPE, signal.SIG_DFL)
+        except ValueError: # pragma: no cover
+            pass
+
         # Clear cached timezone, so that we can pick up timezone changes
         # while running this from the test suite.
         datetime_tz._localtz = None

nilmdb/cmdline/destroy.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from nilmdb.utils.printf import *
 import nilmdb.client
+import fnmatch
 
 from argparse import ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter as def_form
 
@@ -10,25 +11,39 @@ def setup(self, sub):
                          Destroy the stream at the specified path.
                          The stream must be empty.  All metadata
                          related to the stream is permanently deleted.
+
+                         Wildcards and multiple paths are supported.
                          """)
     cmd.set_defaults(handler = cmd_destroy)
     group = cmd.add_argument_group("Options")
     group.add_argument("-R", "--remove", action="store_true",
                        help="Remove all data before destroying stream")
+    group.add_argument("-q", "--quiet", action="store_true",
+                       help="Don't display names when destroying "
+                       "multiple paths")
     group = cmd.add_argument_group("Required arguments")
-    group.add_argument("path",
-                       help="Path of the stream to delete, e.g. /foo/bar",
+    group.add_argument("path", nargs='+',
+                       help="Path of the stream to delete, e.g. /foo/bar/*",
                        ).completer = self.complete.path
     return cmd
 
 def cmd_destroy(self):
     """Destroy stream"""
-    if self.args.remove:
+    streams = [ s[0] for s in self.client.stream_list() ]
+    paths = []
+    for path in self.args.path:
+        new = fnmatch.filter(streams, path)
+        if not new:
+            self.die("error: no stream matched path: %s", path)
+        paths.extend(new)
+
+    for path in paths:
+        if not self.args.quiet and len(paths) > 1:
+            printf("Destroying %s\n", path)
+
         try:
-            count = self.client.stream_remove(self.args.path)
+            if self.args.remove:
+                count = self.client.stream_remove(path)
+            self.client.stream_destroy(path)
         except nilmdb.client.ClientError as e:
-            self.die("error removing data: %s", str(e))
-    try:
-        self.client.stream_destroy(self.args.path)
-    except nilmdb.client.ClientError as e:
-        self.die("error destroying stream: %s", str(e))
+            self.die("error destroying stream: %s", str(e))

nilmdb/cmdline/list.py

@@ -10,22 +10,16 @@ def setup(self, sub):
                          formatter_class = def_form,
                          description="""
                          List streams available in the database,
-                         optionally filtering by layout or path.  Wildcards
-                         are accepted.
+                         optionally filtering by path.  Wildcards
+                         are accepted; non-matching paths or wildcards
+                         are ignored.
                          """)
     cmd.set_defaults(verify = cmd_list_verify,
                      handler = cmd_list)
 
     group = cmd.add_argument_group("Stream filtering")
-    group.add_argument("-p", "--path", metavar="PATH", default="*",
-                       help="Match only this path (-p can be omitted)",
+    group.add_argument("path", metavar="PATH", default=["*"], nargs='*',
                        ).completer = self.complete.path
-    group.add_argument("path_positional", default="*",
-                       nargs="?", help=argparse.SUPPRESS,
-                       ).completer = self.complete.path
-    group.add_argument("-l", "--layout", default="*",
-                       help="Match only this stream layout",
-                       ).completer = self.complete.layout
 
     group = cmd.add_argument_group("Interval info")
     group.add_argument("-E", "--ext", action="store_true",
@@ -49,20 +43,12 @@ def setup(self, sub):
     group = cmd.add_argument_group("Misc options")
     group.add_argument("-T", "--timestamp-raw", action="store_true",
                        help="Show raw timestamps when printing times")
+    group.add_argument("-l", "--layout", action="store_true",
+                       help="Show layout type next to path name")
 
     return cmd
 
 def cmd_list_verify(self):
-    # A hidden "path_positional" argument lets the user leave off the
-    # "-p" when specifying the path.  Handle it here.
-    got_opt = self.args.path != "*"
-    got_pos = self.args.path_positional != "*"
-    if got_pos:
-        if got_opt:
-            self.parser.error("too many paths specified")
-        else:
-            self.args.path = self.args.path_positional
-
     if self.args.start is not None and self.args.end is not None:
         if self.args.start >= self.args.end:
             self.parser.error("start must precede end")
@@ -80,29 +66,33 @@ def cmd_list(self):
     else:
         time_string = nilmdb.utils.time.timestamp_to_human
 
-    for stream in streams:
-        (path, layout, int_min, int_max, rows, time) = stream[:6]
-        if not (fnmatch.fnmatch(path, self.args.path) and
-                fnmatch.fnmatch(layout, self.args.layout)):
-            continue
+    for argpath in self.args.path:
+        for stream in streams:
+            (path, layout, int_min, int_max, rows, time) = stream[:6]
+            if not fnmatch.fnmatch(path, argpath):
+                continue
 
-        printf("%s %s\n", path, layout)
-
-        if self.args.ext:
-            if int_min is None or int_max is None:
-                printf("  interval extents: (no data)\n")
+            if self.args.layout:
+                printf("%s %s\n", path, layout)
             else:
-                printf("  interval extents: %s -> %s\n",
-                       time_string(int_min), time_string(int_max))
-            printf("        total data: %d rows, %.6f seconds\n",
-                   rows or 0,
-                   nilmdb.utils.time.timestamp_to_seconds(time or 0))
+                printf("%s\n", path)
 
-        if self.args.detail:
-            printed = False
-            for (start, end) in self.client.stream_intervals(
-                path, self.args.start, self.args.end):
-                printf("  [ %s -> %s ]\n", time_string(start), time_string(end))
-                printed = True
-            if not printed:
-                printf("  (no intervals)\n")
+            if self.args.ext:
+                if int_min is None or int_max is None:
+                    printf("  interval extents: (no data)\n")
+                else:
+                    printf("  interval extents: %s -> %s\n",
+                           time_string(int_min), time_string(int_max))
+                printf("        total data: %d rows, %.6f seconds\n",
+                       rows or 0,
+                       nilmdb.utils.time.timestamp_to_seconds(time or 0))
+
+            if self.args.detail:
+                printed = False
+                for (start, end) in self.client.stream_intervals(
+                    path, self.args.start, self.args.end):
+                    printf("  [ %s -> %s ]\n",
+                           time_string(start), time_string(end))
+                    printed = True
+                if not printed:
+                    printf("  (no intervals)\n")

nilmdb/cmdline/metadata.py

@@ -9,7 +9,8 @@ def setup(self, sub):
                          a stream.
                          """,
                          usage="%(prog)s path [-g [key ...] | "
-                         "-s key=value [...] | -u key=value [...]]")
+                         "-s key=value [...] | -u key=value [...]] | "
+                         "-d [key ...]")
     cmd.set_defaults(handler = cmd_metadata)
 
     group = cmd.add_argument_group("Required arguments")
@@ -30,6 +31,9 @@ def setup(self, sub):
                      help="Update metadata using provided "
                      "key=value pairs",
                      ).completer = self.complete.meta_keyval
+    exc.add_argument("-d", "--delete", nargs="*", metavar="key",
+                     help="Delete metadata for specified keys (default all)",
+                     ).completer = self.complete.meta_key
     return cmd
 
 def cmd_metadata(self):
@@ -56,6 +60,16 @@ def cmd_metadata(self):
             handler(self.args.path, data)
         except nilmdb.client.ClientError as e:
             self.die("error setting/updating metadata: %s", str(e))
+    elif self.args.delete is not None:
+        # Delete (by setting values to empty strings)
+        keys = self.args.delete or None
+        try:
+            data = self.client.stream_get_metadata(self.args.path, keys)
+            for key in data:
+                data[key] = ""
+            self.client.stream_update_metadata(self.args.path, data)
+        except nilmdb.client.ClientError as e:
+            self.die("error deleting metadata: %s", str(e))
     else:
         # Get (or unspecified)
         keys = self.args.get or None
@@ -64,7 +78,7 @@ def cmd_metadata(self):
         except nilmdb.client.ClientError as e:
             self.die("error getting metadata: %s", str(e))
         for key, value in sorted(data.items()):
-            # Omit nonexistant keys
+            # Print nonexistant keys as having empty value
             if value is None:
                 value = ""
             printf("%s=%s\n", key, value)

nilmdb/cmdline/remove.py

@@ -1,17 +1,19 @@
 from nilmdb.utils.printf import *
 import nilmdb.client
+import fnmatch
 
 def setup(self, sub):
     cmd = sub.add_parser("remove", help="Remove data",
                          description="""
                          Remove all data from a specified time range within a
-                         stream.
+                         stream.  If multiple streams or wildcards are provided,
+                         the same time range is removed from all streams.
                          """)
     cmd.set_defaults(handler = cmd_remove)
 
     group = cmd.add_argument_group("Data selection")
-    group.add_argument("path",
-                       help="Path of stream, e.g. /foo/bar",
+    group.add_argument("path", nargs='+',
+                       help="Path of stream, e.g. /foo/bar/*",
                        ).completer = self.complete.path
     group.add_argument("-s", "--start", required=True,
                        metavar="TIME", type=self.arg_time,
@@ -23,18 +25,31 @@ def setup(self, sub):
                        ).completer = self.complete.time
 
     group = cmd.add_argument_group("Output format")
+    group.add_argument("-q", "--quiet", action="store_true",
+                       help="Don't display names when removing "
+                       "from multiple paths")
     group.add_argument("-c", "--count", action="store_true",
                        help="Output number of data points removed")
     return cmd
 
 def cmd_remove(self):
+    streams = [ s[0] for s in self.client.stream_list() ]
+    paths = []
+    for path in self.args.path:
+        new = fnmatch.filter(streams, path)
+        if not new:
+            self.die("error: no stream matched path: %s", path)
+        paths.extend(new)
+
     try:
-        count = self.client.stream_remove(self.args.path,
-                                          self.args.start, self.args.end)
+        for path in paths:
+            if not self.args.quiet and len(paths) > 1:
+                printf("Removing from %s\n", path)
+            count = self.client.stream_remove(path,
+                                              self.args.start, self.args.end)
+            if self.args.count:
+                printf("%d\n", count);
     except nilmdb.client.ClientError as e:
         self.die("error removing data: %s", str(e))
 
-    if self.args.count:
-        printf("%d\n", count)
-
     return 0

nilmdb/server/bulkdata.py

@@ -79,7 +79,12 @@ class BulkData(object):
         if Table.exists(ospath):
             raise ValueError("stream already exists at this path")
         if os.path.isdir(ospath):
-            raise ValueError("subdirs of this path already exist")
+            # Look for any files in subdirectories.  Fully empty subdirectories
+            # are OK; they might be there during a rename
+            for (root, dirs, files) in os.walk(ospath):
+                if len(files):
+                    raise ValueError(
+                        "non-empty subdirs of this path already exist")
 
     def _create_parents(self, unicodepath):
         """Verify the path name, and create parent directories if they
@@ -188,7 +193,6 @@ class BulkData(object):
         # Basic checks
         if oldospath == newospath:
             raise ValueError("old and new paths are the same")
-        self._create_check_ospath(newospath)
 
         # Move the table to a temporary location
         tmpdir = tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix = "rename-", dir = self.root)
@@ -196,6 +200,9 @@ class BulkData(object):
         os.rename(oldospath, tmppath)
 
         try:
+            # Check destination path
+            self._create_check_ospath(newospath)
+
             # Create parent dirs for new location
             self._create_parents(newunicodepath)
 
@@ -406,12 +413,16 @@ class Table(object):
         return rocket.Rocket(self.layout,
                              os.path.join(self.root, subdir, filename))
 
-    def append_string(self, data, start, end):
+    def append_data(self, data, start, end, binary = False):
         """Parse the formatted string in 'data', according to the
         current layout, and append it to the table.  If any timestamps
         are non-monotonic, or don't fall between 'start' and 'end',
         a ValueError is raised.
 
+        If 'binary' is True, the data should be in raw binary format
+        instead: little-endian, matching the current table's layout,
+        including the int64 timestamp.
+
         If this function succeeds, it returns normally.  Otherwise,
         the table is reverted back to its original state by truncating
         or deleting files as necessary."""
@@ -430,17 +441,26 @@ class Table(object):
                 # Ask the rocket object to parse and append up to "count"
                 # rows of data, verifying things along the way.
                 try:
+                    if binary:
+                        appender = f.append_binary
+                    else:
+                        appender = f.append_string
                     (added_rows, data_offset, last_timestamp, linenum
-                     ) = f.append_string(count, data, data_offset, linenum,
-                                         start, end, last_timestamp)
+                     ) = appender(count, data, data_offset, linenum,
+                                  start, end, last_timestamp)
                 except rocket.ParseError as e:
                     (linenum, colnum, errtype, obj) = e.args
-                    where = "line %d, column %d: " % (linenum, colnum)
+                    if binary:
+                        where = "byte %d: " % (linenum)
+                    else:
+                        where = "line %d, column %d: " % (linenum, colnum)
                     # Extract out the error line, add column marker
                     try:
+                        if binary:
+                            raise IndexError
                         bad = data.splitlines()[linenum-1]
-                        badptr = ' ' * (colnum - 1) + '^'
-                    except IndexError: # pragma: no cover
+                        bad += '\n' + ' ' * (colnum - 1) + '^'
+                    except IndexError:
                         bad = ""
                     if errtype == rocket.ERR_NON_MONOTONIC:
                         err = "timestamp is not monotonically increasing"
@@ -456,7 +476,7 @@ class Table(object):
                     else:
                         err = str(obj)
                     raise ValueError("error parsing input data: " +
-                                     where + err + "\n" + bad + "\n" + badptr)
+                                     where + err + "\n" + bad)
                 tot_rows += added_rows
         except Exception:
             # Some failure, so try to roll things back by truncating or
@@ -472,7 +492,7 @@ class Table(object):
             # Success, so update self.nrows accordingly
             self.nrows = tot_rows
 
-    def get_data(self, start, stop):
+    def get_data(self, start, stop, binary = False):
         """Extract data corresponding to Python range [n:m],
         and returns a formatted string"""
         if (start is None or
@@ -490,10 +510,13 @@ class Table(object):
             if count > remaining:
                 count = remaining
             f = self.file_open(subdir, filename)
-            ret.append(f.extract_string(offset, count))
+            if binary:
+                ret.append(f.extract_binary(offset, count))
+            else:
+                ret.append(f.extract_string(offset, count))
             remaining -= count
             row += count
-        return "".join(ret)
+        return b"".join(ret)
 
     def __getitem__(self, row):
         """Extract timestamps from a row, with table[n] notation."""

nilmdb/server/nilmdb.py

@@ -475,12 +475,16 @@ class NilmDB(object):
             con.execute("DELETE FROM ranges WHERE stream_id=?", (stream_id,))
             con.execute("DELETE FROM streams WHERE id=?", (stream_id,))
 
-    def stream_insert(self, path, start, end, data):
+    def stream_insert(self, path, start, end, data, binary = False):
         """Insert new data into the database.
            path: Path at which to add the data
            start: Starting timestamp
            end: Ending timestamp
            data: Textual data, formatted according to the layout of path
+
+           'binary', if True, means that 'data' is raw binary:
+           little-endian, matching the current table's layout,
+           including the int64 timestamp.
            """
         # First check for basic overlap using timestamp info given.
         stream_id = self._stream_id(path)
@@ -494,7 +498,7 @@ class NilmDB(object):
         # there are any parse errors.
         table = self.data.getnode(path)
         row_start = table.nrows
-        table.append_string(data, start, end)
+        table.append_data(data, start, end, binary)
         row_end = table.nrows
 
         # Insert the record into the sql database.
@@ -538,7 +542,7 @@ class NilmDB(object):
                                   dbinterval.db_endpos)
 
     def stream_extract(self, path, start = None, end = None,
-                       count = False, markup = False):
+                       count = False, markup = False, binary = False):
         """
         Returns (data, restart) tuple.
 
@@ -559,6 +563,9 @@ class NilmDB(object):
         'markup', if true, indicates that returned data should be
         marked with a comment denoting when a particular interval
         starts, and another comment when an interval ends.
+
+        'binary', if true, means to return raw binary rather than
+        ASCII-formatted data.
         """
         stream_id = self._stream_id(path)
         table = self.data.getnode(path)
@@ -569,6 +576,8 @@ class NilmDB(object):
         matched = 0
         remaining = self.max_results
         restart = None
+        if binary and (markup or count):
+            raise NilmDBError("binary mode can't be used with markup or count")
         for interval in intervals.intersection(requested):
             # Reading single rows from the table is too slow, so
             # we use two bisections to find both the starting and
@@ -593,7 +602,7 @@ class NilmDB(object):
                               timestamp_to_string(interval.start) + "\n")
 
             # Gather these results up
-            result.append(table.get_data(row_start, row_end))
+            result.append(table.get_data(row_start, row_end, binary))
 
             # Count them
             remaining -= row_end - row_start

nilmdb/server/rocket.c

@@ -419,6 +419,68 @@ extra_data_on_line:
 			 ERR_OTHER, "extra data on line");
 }
 
+/****
+ * Append from binary data
+ */
+
+/* .append_binary(count, data, offset, linenum, start, end, last_timestamp) */
+static PyObject *Rocket_append_binary(Rocket *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+        int count;
+	const uint8_t *data;
+        int data_len;
+        int linenum;
+	int offset;
+	timestamp_t start;
+	timestamp_t end;
+	timestamp_t last_timestamp;
+
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "it#iilll:append_binary",
+                              &count, &data, &data_len, &offset,
+                              &linenum, &start, &end, &last_timestamp))
+		return NULL;
+
+        /* Advance to offset */
+        if (offset > data_len)
+                return raise_str(0, 0, ERR_OTHER, "bad offset");
+        data += offset;
+        data_len -= offset;
+
+        /* Figure out max number of rows to insert */
+        int rows = data_len / self->binary_size;
+        if (rows > count)
+                rows = count;
+
+        /* Check timestamps */
+        timestamp_t ts;
+	int i;
+        for (i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
+                /* Read raw timestamp, byteswap if needed */
+                memcpy(&ts, &data[i * self->binary_size], 8);
+                ts = le64toh(ts);
+
+                /* Check limits */
+                if (ts <= last_timestamp)
+                        return raise_int(i, 0, ERR_NON_MONOTONIC, ts);
+                last_timestamp = ts;
+                if (ts < start || ts >= end)
+                        return raise_int(i, 0, ERR_OUT_OF_INTERVAL, ts);
+        }
+
+        /* Write binary data */
+        if (fwrite(data, data_len, 1, self->file) != 1) {
+                PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_OSError);
+                return NULL;
+        }
+	fflush(self->file);
+
+	/* Build return value and return */
+	PyObject *o;
+	o = Py_BuildValue("(iili)", rows, offset + rows * self->binary_size,
+                          last_timestamp, linenum);
+	return o;
+}
+
 /****
  * Extract to string
  */
@@ -484,7 +546,7 @@ static PyObject *Rocket_extract_string(Rocket *self, PyObject *args)
 			/* read and format in a loop */			\
 			for (i = 0; i < self->layout_count; i++) {	\
 				if (fread(&disktype, bytes,		\
-					  1, self->file) < 0)		\
+					  1, self->file) != 1)		\
 					goto err;			\
 				disktype = letoh(disktype);		\
 				ret = sprintf(&str[len], " " fmt,	\
@@ -527,6 +589,46 @@ err:
 	return NULL;
 }
 
+/****
+ * Extract to binary string containing raw little-endian binary data
+ */
+static PyObject *Rocket_extract_binary(Rocket *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+	long count;
+	long offset;
+
+	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "ll", &offset, &count))
+		return NULL;
+	if (!self->file) {
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_Exception, "no file");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	/* Seek to target location */
+	if (fseek(self->file, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
+		PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_OSError);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+        uint8_t *str;
+        int len = count * self->binary_size;
+        str = malloc(len);
+        if (str == NULL) {
+                PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_OSError);
+                return NULL;
+        }
+
+        /* Data in the file is already in the desired little-endian
+           binary format, so just read it directly. */
+        if (fread(str, self->binary_size, count, self->file) != count) {
+                free(str);
+                PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_OSError);
+                return NULL;
+        }
+
+	PyObject *pystr = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize((char *)str, len);
+	free(str);
+	return pystr;
+}
 
 /****
  * Extract timestamp
@@ -571,11 +673,13 @@ static PyMemberDef Rocket_members[] = {
 };
 
 static PyMethodDef Rocket_methods[] = {
-	{ "close", (PyCFunction)Rocket_close, METH_NOARGS,
+	{ "close",
+          (PyCFunction)Rocket_close, METH_NOARGS,
 	  "close(self)\n\n"
 	  "Close file handle" },
 
-	{ "append_string", (PyCFunction)Rocket_append_string, METH_VARARGS,
+	{ "append_string",
+          (PyCFunction)Rocket_append_string, METH_VARARGS,
 	  "append_string(self, count, data, offset, line, start, end, ts)\n\n"
           "Parse string and append data.\n"
 	  "\n"
@@ -590,16 +694,46 @@ static PyMethodDef Rocket_methods[] = {
 	  "Raises ParseError if timestamps are non-monotonic, outside\n"
 	  "the start/end interval etc.\n"
 	  "\n"
-          "On success, return a tuple with three values:\n"
+          "On success, return a tuple:\n"
           "  added_rows: how many rows were added from the file\n"
           "  data_offset: current offset into the data string\n"
-          "  last_timestamp: last timestamp we parsed" },
+          "  last_timestamp: last timestamp we parsed\n"
+          "  linenum: current line number" },
 
-	{ "extract_string", (PyCFunction)Rocket_extract_string, METH_VARARGS,
+	{ "append_binary",
+	  (PyCFunction)Rocket_append_binary, METH_VARARGS,
+	  "append_binary(self, count, data, offset, line, start, end, ts)\n\n"
+          "Append binary data, which must match the data layout.\n"
+	  "\n"
+	  "  count: maximum number of rows to add\n"
+          "  data: binary data\n"
+          "  offset: byte offset into data to start adding\n"
+          "  line: current line number (unused)\n"
+          "  start: starting timestamp for interval\n"
+          "  end: end timestamp for interval\n"
+          "  ts: last timestamp that was previously parsed\n"
+	  "\n"
+	  "Raises ParseError if timestamps are non-monotonic, outside\n"
+	  "the start/end interval etc.\n"
+	  "\n"
+          "On success, return a tuple:\n"
+          "  added_rows: how many rows were added from the file\n"
+          "  data_offset: current offset into the data string\n"
+          "  last_timestamp: last timestamp we parsed\n"
+          "  linenum: current line number (copied from argument)" },
+
+	{ "extract_string",
+          (PyCFunction)Rocket_extract_string, METH_VARARGS,
 	  "extract_string(self, offset, count)\n\n"
 	  "Extract count rows of data from the file at offset offset.\n"
 	  "Return an ascii formatted string according to the layout" },
 
+	{ "extract_binary",
+	  (PyCFunction)Rocket_extract_binary, METH_VARARGS,
+	  "extract_binary(self, offset, count)\n\n"
+	  "Extract count rows of data from the file at offset offset.\n"
+	  "Return a raw binary string of data matching the data layout." },
+
 	{ "extract_timestamp",
 	  (PyCFunction)Rocket_extract_timestamp, METH_VARARGS,
 	  "extract_timestamp(self, offset)\n\n"

nilmdb/server/server.py

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ from nilmdb.utils.time import string_to_timestamp
 import cherrypy
 import sys
 import os
+import socket
 import simplejson as json
 import decorator
 import psutil
@@ -173,6 +174,21 @@ class Root(NilmApp):
 class Stream(NilmApp):
     """Stream-specific operations"""
 
+    # Helpers
+    def _get_times(self, start_param, end_param):
+        (start, end) = (None, None)
+        if start_param is not None:
+            start = string_to_timestamp(start_param)
+        if end_param is not None:
+            end = string_to_timestamp(end_param)
+        if start is not None and end is not None:
+            if start >= end:
+                raise cherrypy.HTTPError(
+                    "400 Bad Request",
+                    sprintf("start must precede end (%s >= %s)",
+                            start_param, end_param))
+        return (start, end)
+
     # /stream/list
     # /stream/list?layout=float32_8
     # /stream/list?path=/newton/prep&extended=1
@@ -289,10 +305,15 @@ class Stream(NilmApp):
     @cherrypy.tools.json_out()
     @exception_to_httperror(NilmDBError, ValueError)
     @cherrypy.tools.CORS_allow(methods = ["PUT"])
-    def insert(self, path, start, end):
+    def insert(self, path, start, end, binary = False):
         """
         Insert new data into the database.  Provide textual data
         (matching the path's layout) as a HTTP PUT.
+
+        If 'binary' is True, expect raw binary data, rather than lines
+        of ASCII-formatted data.  Raw binary data is always
+        little-endian and matches the database types (including an
+        int64 timestamp).
         """
         # Important that we always read the input before throwing any
         # errors, to keep lengths happy for persistent connections.
@@ -300,21 +321,24 @@ class Stream(NilmApp):
         # requests, if we ever want to handle those (issue #1134)
         body = cherrypy.request.body.read()
 
+        # Verify content type for binary data
+        content_type = cherrypy.request.headers.get('content-type')
+        if binary and content_type:
+            if content_type != "application/octet-stream":
+                raise cherrypy.HTTPError("400", "Content type must be "
+                                         "application/octet-stream for "
+                                         "binary data, not " + content_type)
+
         # Check path and get layout
-        streams = self.db.stream_list(path = path)
-        if len(streams) != 1:
-            raise cherrypy.HTTPError("404 Not Found", "No such stream")
+        if len(self.db.stream_list(path = path)) != 1:
+            raise cherrypy.HTTPError("404", "No such stream: " + path)
 
         # Check limits
-        start = string_to_timestamp(start)
-        end = string_to_timestamp(end)
-        if start >= end:
-            raise cherrypy.HTTPError("400 Bad Request",
-                                     "start must precede end")
+        (start, end) = self._get_times(start, end)
 
         # Pass the data directly to nilmdb, which will parse it and
         # raise a ValueError if there are any problems.
-        self.db.stream_insert(path, start, end, body)
+        self.db.stream_insert(path, start, end, body, binary)
 
         # Done
         return
@@ -332,14 +356,7 @@ class Stream(NilmApp):
         the interval [start, end).  Returns the number of data points
         removed.
         """
-        if start is not None:
-            start = string_to_timestamp(start)
-        if end is not None:
-            end = string_to_timestamp(end)
-        if start is not None and end is not None:
-            if start >= end:
-                raise cherrypy.HTTPError("400 Bad Request",
-                                         "start must precede end")
+        (start, end) = self._get_times(start, end)
         total_removed = 0
         while True:
             (removed, restart) = self.db.stream_remove(path, start, end)
@@ -370,15 +387,7 @@ class Stream(NilmApp):
         Note that the response type is the non-standard
         'application/x-json-stream' for lack of a better option.
         """
-        if start is not None:
-            start = string_to_timestamp(start)
-        if end is not None:
-            end = string_to_timestamp(end)
-
-        if start is not None and end is not None:
-            if start >= end:
-                raise cherrypy.HTTPError("400 Bad Request",
-                                         "start must precede end")
+        (start, end) = self._get_times(start, end)
 
         if len(self.db.stream_list(path = path)) != 1:
             raise cherrypy.HTTPError("404", "No such stream: " + path)
@@ -402,9 +411,8 @@ class Stream(NilmApp):
     # /stream/extract?path=/newton/prep&start=1234567890.0&end=1234567899.0
     @cherrypy.expose
     @chunked_response
-    @response_type("text/plain")
     def extract(self, path, start = None, end = None,
-                count = False, markup = False):
+                count = False, markup = False, binary = False):
         """
         Extract data from backend database.  Streams the resulting
         entries as ASCII text lines separated by newlines.  This may
@@ -415,22 +423,26 @@ class Stream(NilmApp):
 
         If 'markup' is True, adds comments to the stream denoting each
         interval's start and end timestamp.
-        """
-        if start is not None:
-            start = string_to_timestamp(start)
-        if end is not None:
-            end = string_to_timestamp(end)
 
-        # Check parameters
-        if start is not None and end is not None:
-            if start >= end:
-                raise cherrypy.HTTPError("400 Bad Request",
-                                         "start must precede end")
+        If 'binary' is True, return raw binary data, rather than lines
+        of ASCII-formatted data.  Raw binary data is always
+        little-endian and matches the database types (including an
+        int64 timestamp).
+        """
+        (start, end) = self._get_times(start, end)
 
         # Check path and get layout
-        streams = self.db.stream_list(path = path)
-        if len(streams) != 1:
-            raise cherrypy.HTTPError("404 Not Found", "No such stream")
+        if len(self.db.stream_list(path = path)) != 1:
+            raise cherrypy.HTTPError("404", "No such stream: " + path)
+
+        if binary:
+            content_type = "application/octet-stream"
+            if markup or count:
+                raise cherrypy.HTTPError("400", "can't mix binary and "
+                                         "markup or count modes")
+        else:
+            content_type = "text/plain"
+        cherrypy.response.headers['Content-Type'] = content_type
 
         @workaround_cp_bug_1200
         def content(start, end):
@@ -443,7 +455,8 @@ class Stream(NilmApp):
 
             while True:
                 (data, restart) = self.db.stream_extract(
-                    path, start, end, count = False, markup = markup)
+                    path, start, end, count = False,
+                    markup = markup, binary = binary)
                 yield data
 
                 if restart is None:
@@ -608,6 +621,11 @@ class Server(object):
     def stop(self):
         cherrypy.engine.exit()
 
+# Use a single global nilmdb.server.NilmDB and nilmdb.server.Server
+# instance since the database can only be opened once.  For this to
+# work, the web server must use only a single process and single
+# Python interpreter.  Multiple threads are OK.
+_wsgi_server = None
 def wsgi_application(dbpath, basepath): # pragma: no cover
     """Return a WSGI application object with a database at the
     specified path.
@@ -618,29 +636,33 @@ def wsgi_application(dbpath, basepath): # pragma: no cover
     is the same as the first argument to Apache's WSGIScriptAlias
     directive.
     """
-    server = [None]
     def application(environ, start_response):
-        if server[0] is None:
+        global _wsgi_server
+        if _wsgi_server is None:
             # Try to start the server
             try:
                 db = nilmdb.utils.serializer_proxy(nilmdb.server.NilmDB)(dbpath)
-                server[0] = nilmdb.server.Server(
+                _wsgi_server = nilmdb.server.Server(
                     db, embedded = True,
                     basepath = basepath.rstrip('/'))
             except Exception:
                 # Build an error message on failure
+                import pprint
                 err = sprintf("Initializing database at path '%s' failed:\n\n",
                               dbpath)
                 err += traceback.format_exc()
                 try:
                     import pwd
                     import grp
-                    err += sprintf("\nRunning as: uid=%d (%s), gid=%d (%s)\n",
+                    err += sprintf("\nRunning as: uid=%d (%s), gid=%d (%s) "
+                                   "on host %s, pid %d\n",
                                    os.getuid(), pwd.getpwuid(os.getuid())[0],
-                                   os.getgid(), grp.getgrgid(os.getgid())[0])
+                                   os.getgid(), grp.getgrgid(os.getgid())[0],
+                                   socket.gethostname(), os.getpid())
                 except ImportError:
                     pass
-        if server[0] is None:
+                err += sprintf("\nEnvironment:\n%s\n", pprint.pformat(environ))
+        if _wsgi_server is None:
             # Serve up the error with our own mini WSGI app.
             headers = [ ('Content-type', 'text/plain'),
                         ('Content-length', str(len(err))) ]
@@ -648,5 +670,5 @@ def wsgi_application(dbpath, basepath): # pragma: no cover
             return [err]
 
         # Call the normal application
-        return server[0].wsgi_application(environ, start_response)
+        return _wsgi_server.wsgi_application(environ, start_response)
     return application

nilmdb/utils/time.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import time
 
 # Range
 min_timestamp = (-2**63)
-max_timestamp = (2**62 - 1)
+max_timestamp = (2**63 - 1)
 
 # Smallest representable step
 epsilon = 1
@@ -32,6 +32,10 @@ def timestamp_to_human(timestamp):
     """Convert a timestamp (integer microseconds since epoch) to a
     human-readable string, using the local timezone for display
     (e.g. from the TZ env var)."""
+    if timestamp == min_timestamp:
+        return "(minimum)"
+    if timestamp == max_timestamp:
+        return "(maximum)"
     dt = datetime_tz.datetime_tz.fromtimestamp(timestamp_to_unix(timestamp))
     return dt.strftime("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S.%f %z")
 
@@ -65,6 +69,14 @@ def parse_time(toparse):
     if toparse == "max":
         return max_timestamp
 
+    # If it starts with @, treat it as a NILM timestamp
+    # (integer microseconds since epoch)
+    try:
+        if toparse[0] == '@':
+            return int(toparse[1:])
+    except (ValueError, KeyError, IndexError):
+        pass
+
     # If string isn't "now" and doesn't contain at least 4 digits,
     # consider it invalid.  smartparse might otherwise accept
     # empty strings and strings with just separators.
@@ -78,14 +90,6 @@ def parse_time(toparse):
     except (ValueError, OverflowError):
         pass
 
-    # If it starts with @, treat it as a NILM timestamp
-    # (integer microseconds since epoch)
-    try:
-        if toparse[0] == '@':
-            return int(toparse[1:])
-    except (ValueError, KeyError):
-        pass
-
     # If it's parseable as a float, treat it as a Unix or NILM
     # timestamp based on its range.
     try:

setup.py

@@ -107,13 +107,13 @@ setup(name='nilmdb',
       author_email = 'jim@jtan.com',
       tests_require = [ 'nose',
                         'coverage',
+                        'numpy',
                         ],
       setup_requires = [ 'distribute',
                          ],
       install_requires = [ 'decorator',
                            'cherrypy >= 3.2',
                            'simplejson',
-                           'pycurl',
                            'python-dateutil',
                            'pytz',
                            'psutil >= 0.3.0',

tests/test.order

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ test_interval.py
 test_bulkdata.py
 test_nilmdb.py
 test_client.py
+test_numpyclient.py
 test_cmdline.py
 
 test_*.py

tests/test_bulkdata.py

@@ -69,9 +69,9 @@ class TestBulkData(object):
         raw = []
         for i in range(1000):
             raw.append("%d 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8\n" % (10000 + i))
-        node.append_string("".join(raw[0:1]), 0, 50000)
-        node.append_string("".join(raw[1:100]), 0, 50000)
-        node.append_string("".join(raw[100:]), 0, 50000)
+        node.append_data("".join(raw[0:1]), 0, 50000)
+        node.append_data("".join(raw[1:100]), 0, 50000)
+        node.append_data("".join(raw[100:]), 0, 50000)
 
         misc_slices = [ 0, 100, slice(None), slice(0), slice(10),
                         slice(5,10), slice(3,None), slice(3,-3),
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ class TestBulkData(object):
         # Extract misc slices while appending, to make sure the
         # data isn't being added in the middle of the file
         for s in [2, slice(1,5), 2, slice(1,5)]:
-            node.append_string("0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0\n", 0, 50000)
+            node.append_data("0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0\n", 0, 50000)
             raw.append("0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0\n")
             eq_(get_node_slice(s), raw[s])
 

tests/test_client.py

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import warnings
 import resource
 import time
 import re
+import struct
 
 from testutil.helpers import *
 
@@ -238,6 +239,22 @@ class TestClient(object):
         in_("400 Bad Request", str(e.exception))
         in_("start must precede end", str(e.exception))
 
+        # Good content type
+        with assert_raises(ClientError) as e:
+            client.http.put("stream/insert", "",
+                            { "path": "xxxx", "start": 0, "end": 1,
+                              "binary": 1 },
+                            binary = True)
+        in_("No such stream", str(e.exception))
+
+        # Bad content type
+        with assert_raises(ClientError) as e:
+            client.http.put("stream/insert", "",
+                            { "path": "xxxx", "start": 0, "end": 1,
+                              "binary": 1 },
+                            binary = False)
+        in_("Content type must be application/octet-stream", str(e.exception))
+
         # Specify start/end (starts too late)
         data = timestamper.TimestamperRate(testfile, start, 120)
         with assert_raises(ClientError) as e:
@@ -293,6 +310,23 @@ class TestClient(object):
         # Test count
         eq_(client.stream_count("/newton/prep"), 14400)
 
+        # Test binary output
+        with assert_raises(ClientError) as e:
+            list(client.stream_extract("/newton/prep",
+                                       markup = True, binary = True))
+        with assert_raises(ClientError) as e:
+            list(client.stream_extract("/newton/prep",
+                                       count = True, binary = True))
+        data = "".join(client.stream_extract("/newton/prep", binary = True))
+        # Quick check using struct
+        unpacker = struct.Struct("<qffffffff")
+        out = []
+        for i in range(14400):
+            out.append(unpacker.unpack_from(data, i * unpacker.size))
+        eq_(out[0], (1332511200000000, 266568.0, 224029.0, 5161.39990234375,
+                     2525.169921875, 8350.83984375, 3724.699951171875,
+                     1355.3399658203125, 2039.0))
+
         client.close()
 
     def test_client_06_generators(self):
@@ -311,11 +345,11 @@ class TestClient(object):
 
         # Trigger a curl error in generator
         with assert_raises(ServerError) as e:
-            client.http.get_gen("http://nosuchurl/").next()
+            client.http.get_gen("http://nosuchurl.example.com./").next()
 
         # Trigger a curl error in generator
         with assert_raises(ServerError) as e:
-            client.http.get_gen("http://nosuchurl/").next()
+            client.http.get_gen("http://nosuchurl.example.com./").next()
 
         # Check 404 for missing streams
         for function in [ client.stream_intervals, client.stream_extract ]:
@@ -365,6 +399,17 @@ class TestClient(object):
             raise AssertionError("/stream/extract is not text/plain:\n" +
                                  headers())
 
+        x = http.get("stream/extract",
+                            { "path": "/newton/prep",
+                              "start": "123",
+                              "end": "124",
+                              "binary": "1" })
+        if "transfer-encoding: chunked" not in headers():
+            warnings.warn("Non-chunked HTTP response for /stream/extract")
+        if "content-type: application/octet-stream" not in headers():
+            raise AssertionError("/stream/extract is not binary:\n" +
+                                 headers())
+
         client.close()
 
     def test_client_08_unicode(self):
@@ -441,71 +486,75 @@ class TestClient(object):
             # override _max_data to trigger frequent server updates
             ctx._max_data = 15
 
-            ctx.insert("100 1\n")
+            ctx.insert("1000 1\n")
 
-            ctx.insert("101 ")
-            ctx.insert("1\n102 1")
+            ctx.insert("1010 ")
+            ctx.insert("1\n1020 1")
             ctx.insert("")
-            ctx.insert("\n103 1\n")
+            ctx.insert("\n1030 1\n")
 
-            ctx.insert("104 1\n")
+            ctx.insert("1040 1\n")
             ctx.insert("# hello\n")
             ctx.insert("   # hello\n")
-            ctx.insert("  105 1\n")
+            ctx.insert("  1050 1\n")
             ctx.finalize()
 
-            ctx.insert("107 1\n")
-            ctx.update_end(108)
+            ctx.insert("1070 1\n")
+            ctx.update_end(1080)
             ctx.finalize()
-            ctx.update_start(109)
-            ctx.insert("110 1\n")
-            ctx.insert("111 1\n")
-            ctx.insert("112 1\n")
-            ctx.insert("113 1\n")
-            ctx.insert("114 1\n")
-            ctx.update_end(116)
-            ctx.insert("115 1\n")
-            ctx.update_end(117)
-            ctx.insert("116 1\n")
-            ctx.update_end(118)
-            ctx.insert("117 1" +
+            ctx.update_start(1090)
+            ctx.insert("1100 1\n")
+            ctx.insert("1110 1\n")
+            ctx.send()
+            ctx.insert("1120 1\n")
+            ctx.insert("1130 1\n")
+            ctx.insert("1140 1\n")
+            ctx.update_end(1160)
+            ctx.insert("1150 1\n")
+            ctx.update_end(1170)
+            ctx.insert("1160 1\n")
+            ctx.update_end(1180)
+            ctx.insert("1170 1" +
                        " # this is super long" * 100 +
                        "\n")
             ctx.finalize()
             ctx.insert("# this is super long" * 100)
 
         with assert_raises(ClientError):
-            with client.stream_insert_context("/context/test", 100, 200) as ctx:
-                ctx.insert("118 1\n")
+            with client.stream_insert_context("/context/test",
+                                              1000, 2000) as ctx:
+                ctx.insert("1180 1\n")
 
         with assert_raises(ClientError):
-            with client.stream_insert_context("/context/test", 200, 300) as ctx:
-                ctx.insert("118 1\n")
+            with client.stream_insert_context("/context/test",
+                                              2000, 3000) as ctx:
+                ctx.insert("1180 1\n")
 
         with assert_raises(ClientError):
             with client.stream_insert_context("/context/test") as ctx:
                 ctx.insert("bogus data\n")
 
-        with client.stream_insert_context("/context/test", 200, 300) as ctx:
+        with client.stream_insert_context("/context/test", 2000, 3000) as ctx:
             # make sure our override wasn't permanent
             ne_(ctx._max_data, 15)
-            ctx.insert("225 1\n")
+            ctx.insert("2250 1\n")
             ctx.finalize()
 
         with assert_raises(ClientError):
-            with client.stream_insert_context("/context/test", 300, 400) as ctx:
-                ctx.insert("301 1\n")
-                ctx.insert("302 2\n")
-                ctx.insert("303 3\n")
-                ctx.insert("304 4\n")
-                ctx.insert("304 4\n") # non-monotonic after a few lines
+            with client.stream_insert_context("/context/test",
+                                              3000, 4000) as ctx:
+                ctx.insert("3010 1\n")
+                ctx.insert("3020 2\n")
+                ctx.insert("3030 3\n")
+                ctx.insert("3040 4\n")
+                ctx.insert("3040 4\n") # non-monotonic after a few lines
                 ctx.finalize()
 
         eq_(list(client.stream_intervals("/context/test")),
-            [ [ 100, 106 ],
-              [ 107, 108 ],
-              [ 109, 118 ],
-              [ 200, 300 ] ])
+            [ [ 1000, 1051 ],
+              [ 1070, 1080 ],
+              [ 1090, 1180 ],
+              [ 2000, 3000 ] ])
 
         # destroy stream (try without removing data first)
         with assert_raises(ClientError):

tests/test_cmdline.py

@@ -300,38 +300,19 @@ class TestCmdline(object):
 
         # Verify we got those 3 streams and they're returned in
         # alphabetical order.
-        self.ok("list")
+        self.ok("list -l")
         self.match("/newton/prep float32_8\n"
                    "/newton/raw uint16_6\n"
                    "/newton/zzz/rawnotch uint16_9\n")
 
         # Match just one type or one path.  Also check
         # that --path is optional
-        self.ok("list --path /newton/raw")
-        self.match("/newton/raw uint16_6\n")
-
-        self.ok("list /newton/raw")
-        self.match("/newton/raw uint16_6\n")
-
-        self.fail("list -p /newton/raw /newton/raw")
-        self.contain("too many paths")
-
-        self.ok("list --layout uint16_6")
+        self.ok("list --layout /newton/raw")
         self.match("/newton/raw uint16_6\n")
 
         # Wildcard matches
-        self.ok("list --layout uint16*")
-        self.match("/newton/raw uint16_6\n"
-                   "/newton/zzz/rawnotch uint16_9\n")
-
-        self.ok("list --path *zzz* --layout uint16*")
-        self.match("/newton/zzz/rawnotch uint16_9\n")
-
-        self.ok("list *zzz* --layout uint16*")
-        self.match("/newton/zzz/rawnotch uint16_9\n")
-
-        self.ok("list --path *zzz* --layout float32*")
-        self.match("")
+        self.ok("list *zzz*")
+        self.match("/newton/zzz/rawnotch\n")
 
         # reversed range
         self.fail("list /newton/prep --start 2020-01-01 --end 2000-01-01")
@@ -369,6 +350,8 @@ class TestCmdline(object):
         self.contain("No stream at path")
         self.fail("metadata /newton/nosuchstream --set foo=bar")
         self.contain("No stream at path")
+        self.fail("metadata /newton/nosuchstream --delete")
+        self.contain("No stream at path")
 
         self.ok("metadata /newton/prep")
         self.match("description=The Data\nv_scale=1.234\n")
@@ -394,6 +377,19 @@ class TestCmdline(object):
         self.fail("metadata /newton/nosuchpath")
         self.contain("No stream at path /newton/nosuchpath")
 
+        self.ok("metadata /newton/prep --delete")
+        self.ok("metadata /newton/prep --get")
+        self.match("")
+        self.ok("metadata /newton/prep --set "
+                "'description=The Data' "
+                "v_scale=1.234")
+        self.ok("metadata /newton/prep --delete v_scale")
+        self.ok("metadata /newton/prep --get")
+        self.match("description=The Data\n")
+        self.ok("metadata /newton/prep --set description=")
+        self.ok("metadata /newton/prep --get")
+        self.match("")
+
     def test_06_insert(self):
         self.ok("insert --help")
 
@@ -482,28 +478,28 @@ class TestCmdline(object):
         self.ok("list --detail")
         lines_(self.captured, 8)
 
-        self.ok("list --detail --path *prep")
+        self.ok("list --detail *prep")
         lines_(self.captured, 4)
 
-        self.ok("list --detail --path *prep --start='23 Mar 2012 10:02'")
+        self.ok("list --detail *prep --start='23 Mar 2012 10:02'")
         lines_(self.captured, 3)
 
-        self.ok("list --detail --path *prep --start='23 Mar 2012 10:05'")
+        self.ok("list --detail *prep --start='23 Mar 2012 10:05'")
         lines_(self.captured, 2)
 
-        self.ok("list --detail --path *prep --start='23 Mar 2012 10:05:15'")
+        self.ok("list --detail *prep --start='23 Mar 2012 10:05:15'")
         lines_(self.captured, 2)
         self.contain("10:05:15.000")
 
-        self.ok("list --detail --path *prep --start='23 Mar 2012 10:05:15.50'")
+        self.ok("list --detail *prep --start='23 Mar 2012 10:05:15.50'")
         lines_(self.captured, 2)
         self.contain("10:05:15.500")
 
-        self.ok("list --detail --path *prep --start='23 Mar 2012 19:05:15.50'")
+        self.ok("list --detail *prep --start='23 Mar 2012 19:05:15.50'")
         lines_(self.captured, 2)
         self.contain("no intervals")
 
-        self.ok("list --detail --path *prep --start='23 Mar 2012 10:05:15.50'"
+        self.ok("list --detail *prep --start='23 Mar 2012 10:05:15.50'"
                 + " --end='23 Mar 2012 10:05:15.51'")
         lines_(self.captured, 2)
         self.contain("10:05:15.500")
@@ -512,15 +508,15 @@ class TestCmdline(object):
         lines_(self.captured, 8)
 
         # Verify the "raw timestamp" output
-        self.ok("list --detail --path *prep --timestamp-raw "
+        self.ok("list --detail *prep --timestamp-raw "
                 "--start='23 Mar 2012 10:05:15.50'")
         lines_(self.captured, 2)
         self.contain("[ 1332497115500000 -> 1332497160000000 ]")
 
         # bad time
-        self.fail("list --detail --path *prep -T --start='9332497115.612'")
+        self.fail("list --detail *prep -T --start='9332497115.612'")
         # good time
-        self.ok("list --detail --path *prep -T --start='1332497115.612'")
+        self.ok("list --detail *prep -T --start='1332497115.612'")
         lines_(self.captured, 2)
         self.contain("[ 1332497115612000 -> 1332497160000000 ]")
 
@@ -600,7 +596,7 @@ class TestCmdline(object):
         test(8, "10:01:59.9", "10:02:00.1", extra="-m")
 
         # all data put in by tests
-        self.ok("extract -a /newton/prep --start 2000-01-01 --end 2020-01-01")
+        self.ok("extract -a /newton/prep --start min --end max")
         lines_(self.captured, 43204)
         self.ok("extract -c /newton/prep --start 2000-01-01 --end 2020-01-01")
         self.match("43200\n")
@@ -624,7 +620,7 @@ class TestCmdline(object):
 
         # Try nonexistent stream
         self.fail("remove /no/such/foo --start 2000-01-01 --end 2020-01-01")
-        self.contain("No stream at path")
+        self.contain("no stream matched path")
 
         # empty or backward ranges return errors
         self.fail("remove /newton/prep --start 2020-01-01 --end 2000-01-01")
@@ -652,9 +648,14 @@ class TestCmdline(object):
                 "--start '23 Mar 2022 20:00:30' " +
                 "--end '23 Mar 2022 20:00:31'")
         self.match("0\n")
+        self.ok("remove -c /newton/prep /newton/pre* " +
+                "--start '23 Mar 2022 20:00:30' " +
+                "--end '23 Mar 2022 20:00:31'")
+        self.match("Removing from /newton/prep\n0\n" +
+                   "Removing from /newton/prep\n0\n")
 
         # Make sure we have the data we expect
-        self.ok("list --detail /newton/prep")
+        self.ok("list -l --detail /newton/prep")
         self.match("/newton/prep float32_8\n" +
                    "  [ Fri, 23 Mar 2012 10:00:00.000000 +0000"
                    " -> Fri, 23 Mar 2012 10:01:59.991668 +0000 ]\n"
@@ -689,7 +690,7 @@ class TestCmdline(object):
         self.match("24000\n")
 
         # See the missing chunks in list output
-        self.ok("list --detail /newton/prep")
+        self.ok("list --layout --detail /newton/prep")
         self.match("/newton/prep float32_8\n" +
                    "  [ Fri, 23 Mar 2012 10:00:00.000000 +0000"
                    " -> Fri, 23 Mar 2012 10:00:05.000000 +0000 ]\n"
@@ -703,7 +704,7 @@ class TestCmdline(object):
         # Remove all data, verify it's missing
         self.ok("remove /newton/prep --start 2000-01-01 --end 2020-01-01")
         self.match("")  # no count requested this time
-        self.ok("list --detail /newton/prep")
+        self.ok("list -l --detail /newton/prep")
         self.match("/newton/prep float32_8\n" +
                    "  (no intervals)\n")
 
@@ -721,16 +722,16 @@ class TestCmdline(object):
         self.contain("too few arguments")
 
         self.fail("destroy /no/such/stream")
-        self.contain("No stream at path")
+        self.contain("no stream matched path")
 
         self.fail("destroy -R /no/such/stream")
-        self.contain("No stream at path")
+        self.contain("no stream matched path")
 
         self.fail("destroy asdfasdf")
-        self.contain("No stream at path")
+        self.contain("no stream matched path")
 
         # From previous tests, we have:
-        self.ok("list")
+        self.ok("list -l")
         self.match("/newton/prep float32_8\n"
                    "/newton/raw uint16_6\n"
                    "/newton/zzz/rawnotch uint16_9\n")
@@ -746,13 +747,13 @@ class TestCmdline(object):
         lines_(self.captured, 7)
 
         # Destroy for real
-        self.ok("destroy -R /newton/prep")
-        self.ok("list")
+        self.ok("destroy -R /n*/prep")
+        self.ok("list -l")
         self.match("/newton/raw uint16_6\n"
                    "/newton/zzz/rawnotch uint16_9\n")
 
         self.ok("destroy /newton/zzz/rawnotch")
-        self.ok("list")
+        self.ok("list -l")
         self.match("/newton/raw uint16_6\n")
 
         self.ok("destroy /newton/raw")
@@ -771,18 +772,17 @@ class TestCmdline(object):
             self.ok("list")
             self.contain(path)
             # Make sure it was created empty
-            self.ok("list --detail --path " + path)
+            self.ok("list --detail " + path)
             self.contain("(no intervals)")
 
     def test_12_unicode(self):
         # Unicode paths.
         self.ok("destroy /newton/asdf/qwer")
-        self.ok("destroy /newton/prep")
-        self.ok("destroy /newton/raw")
+        self.ok("destroy /newton/prep /newton/raw")
         self.ok("destroy /newton/zzz")
 
         self.ok(u"create /düsseldorf/raw uint16_6")
-        self.ok("list --detail")
+        self.ok("list -l --detail")
         self.contain(u"/düsseldorf/raw uint16_6")
         self.contain("(no intervals)")
 
@@ -868,7 +868,7 @@ class TestCmdline(object):
         du_before = nilmdb.utils.diskusage.du(testdb)
 
         # Make sure we have the data we expect
-        self.ok("list --detail")
+        self.ok("list -l --detail")
         self.match("/newton/prep float32_8\n" +
                    "  [ Fri, 23 Mar 2012 10:00:00.000000 +0000"
                    " -> Fri, 23 Mar 2012 10:01:59.991668 +0000 ]\n"
@@ -904,7 +904,7 @@ class TestCmdline(object):
         self.match("3600\n")
 
         # See the missing chunks in list output
-        self.ok("list --detail")
+        self.ok("list -l --detail")
         self.match("/newton/prep float32_8\n" +
                    "  [ Fri, 23 Mar 2012 10:00:00.000000 +0000"
                    " -> Fri, 23 Mar 2012 10:00:05.000000 +0000 ]\n"
@@ -1028,7 +1028,7 @@ class TestCmdline(object):
             else:
                 raise AssertionError("data not found at " + seek)
             # Verify "list" output
-            self.ok("list")
+            self.ok("list -l")
             self.match("/" + "/".join(components) + " float32_8\n")
 
         # Lots of renames
@@ -1038,10 +1038,12 @@ class TestCmdline(object):
         self.contain("old and new paths are the same")
         check_path("newton", "prep")
         self.fail("rename /newton/prep /newton")
-        self.contain("subdirs of this path already exist")
+        self.contain("path must contain at least one folder")
         self.fail("rename /newton/prep /newton/prep/")
         self.contain("invalid path")
-        self.ok("rename /newton/prep /newton/foo")
+        self.ok("rename /newton/prep /newton/foo/1")
+        check_path("newton", "foo", "1")
+        self.ok("rename /newton/foo/1 /newton/foo")
         check_path("newton", "foo")
         self.ok("rename /newton/foo /totally/different/thing")
         check_path("totally", "different", "thing")

tests/test_nilmdb.py

@@ -90,13 +90,16 @@ class Test00Nilmdb(object):  # named 00 so it runs first
         eq_(db.stream_get_metadata("/newton/prep"), meta1)
         eq_(db.stream_get_metadata("/newton/raw"), meta1)
 
-        # fill in some test coverage for start >= end
+        # fill in some misc. test coverage
         with assert_raises(nilmdb.server.NilmDBError):
             db.stream_remove("/newton/prep", 0, 0)
         with assert_raises(nilmdb.server.NilmDBError):
             db.stream_remove("/newton/prep", 1, 0)
         db.stream_remove("/newton/prep", 0, 1)
 
+        with assert_raises(nilmdb.server.NilmDBError):
+            db.stream_extract("/newton/prep", count = True, binary = True)
+
         db.close()
 
 class TestBlockingServer(object):

tests/test_numpyclient.py

@@ -0,0 +1,342 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import nilmdb.server
+import nilmdb.client
+import nilmdb.client.numpyclient
+
+from nilmdb.utils.printf import *
+from nilmdb.utils import timestamper
+from nilmdb.client import ClientError, ServerError
+from nilmdb.utils import datetime_tz
+
+from nose.plugins.skip import SkipTest
+from nose.tools import *
+from nose.tools import assert_raises
+import itertools
+import distutils.version
+
+from testutil.helpers import *
+
+import numpy as np
+
+testdb = "tests/numpyclient-testdb"
+testurl = "http://localhost:32180/"
+
+def setup_module():
+    global test_server, test_db
+    # Clear out DB
+    recursive_unlink(testdb)
+
+    # Start web app on a custom port
+    test_db = nilmdb.utils.serializer_proxy(nilmdb.server.NilmDB)(testdb)
+    test_server = nilmdb.server.Server(test_db, host = "127.0.0.1",
+                                       port = 32180, stoppable = False,
+                                       fast_shutdown = True,
+                                       force_traceback = True)
+    test_server.start(blocking = False)
+
+def teardown_module():
+    global test_server, test_db
+    # Close web app
+    test_server.stop()
+    test_db.close()
+
+class TestNumpyClient(object):
+
+    def test_numpyclient_01_basic(self):
+        # Test basic connection
+        client = nilmdb.client.numpyclient.NumpyClient(url = testurl)
+        version = client.version()
+        eq_(distutils.version.LooseVersion(version),
+            distutils.version.LooseVersion(test_server.version))
+
+        # Verify subclassing
+        assert(isinstance(client, nilmdb.client.Client))
+
+        # Layouts
+        for layout in "int8_t", "something_8", "integer_1":
+            with assert_raises(ValueError):
+                for x in client.stream_extract_numpy("/foo", layout=layout):
+                    pass
+        for layout in "int8_1", "uint8_30", "int16_20", "float64_100":
+            with assert_raises(ClientError) as e:
+                for x in client.stream_extract_numpy("/foo", layout=layout):
+                    pass
+            in_("No such stream", str(e.exception))
+
+        with assert_raises(ClientError) as e:
+            for x in client.stream_extract_numpy("/foo"):
+                pass
+        in_("can't get layout for path", str(e.exception))
+
+        client.close()
+
+    def test_numpyclient_02_extract(self):
+        client = nilmdb.client.numpyclient.NumpyClient(url = testurl)
+
+        # Insert some data as text
+        client.stream_create("/newton/prep", "float32_8")
+        testfile = "tests/data/prep-20120323T1000"
+        start = nilmdb.utils.time.parse_time("20120323T1000")
+        rate = 120
+        data = timestamper.TimestamperRate(testfile, start, rate)
+        result = client.stream_insert("/newton/prep", data,
+                                      start, start + 119999777)
+
+        # Extract Numpy arrays
+        array = None
+        pieces = 0
+        for chunk in client.stream_extract_numpy("/newton/prep", maxrows=1000):
+            pieces += 1
+            if array is not None:
+                array = np.vstack((array, chunk))
+            else:
+                array = chunk
+        eq_(array.shape, (14400, 9))
+        eq_(pieces, 15)
+
+        # Try structured
+        s = list(client.stream_extract_numpy("/newton/prep", structured = True))
+        assert(np.array_equal(np.c_[s[0]['timestamp'], s[0]['data']], array))
+
+        # Compare.  Will be close but not exact because the conversion
+        # to and from ASCII was lossy.
+        data = timestamper.TimestamperRate(testfile, start, rate)
+        actual = np.fromstring(" ".join(data), sep=' ').reshape(14400, 9)
+        assert(np.allclose(array, actual))
+
+        client.close()
+
+    def test_numpyclient_03_insert(self):
+        client = nilmdb.client.numpyclient.NumpyClient(url = testurl)
+
+        # Limit _max_data just to get better coverage
+        old_max_data = nilmdb.client.numpyclient.StreamInserterNumpy._max_data
+        nilmdb.client.numpyclient.StreamInserterNumpy._max_data = 100000
+
+        client.stream_create("/test/1", "uint16_1")
+        client.stream_insert_numpy("/test/1",
+                                   np.array([[0, 1],
+                                             [1, 2],
+                                             [2, 3],
+                                             [3, 4]]))
+
+        # Wrong number of dimensions
+        with assert_raises(ValueError) as e:
+            client.stream_insert_numpy("/test/1",
+                                       np.array([[[0, 1],
+                                                  [1, 2]],
+                                                 [[3, 4],
+                                                  [4, 5]]]))
+        in_("wrong number of dimensions", str(e.exception))
+
+        # Wrong number of fields
+        with assert_raises(ValueError) as e:
+            client.stream_insert_numpy("/test/1",
+                                       np.array([[0, 1, 2],
+                                                 [1, 2, 3],
+                                                 [3, 4, 5],
+                                                 [4, 5, 6]]))
+        in_("wrong number of fields", str(e.exception))
+
+        # Unstructured
+        client.stream_create("/test/2", "float32_8")
+        client.stream_insert_numpy(
+            "/test/2",
+            client.stream_extract_numpy(
+                "/newton/prep", structured = False, maxrows = 1000))
+
+        # Structured, and specifying layout
+        client.stream_create("/test/3", "float32_8")
+        client.stream_insert_numpy(
+            path = "/test/3", layout = "float32_8",
+            data = client.stream_extract_numpy(
+                "/newton/prep", structured = True, maxrows = 1000))
+
+        # Structured, specifying wrong layout
+        client.stream_create("/test/4", "float32_8")
+        with assert_raises(ValueError) as e:
+            client.stream_insert_numpy(
+                "/test/4", layout = "uint16_1",
+                data = client.stream_extract_numpy(
+                    "/newton/prep", structured = True, maxrows = 1000))
+        in_("wrong dtype", str(e.exception))
+
+        # Unstructured, and specifying wrong layout
+        client.stream_create("/test/5", "float32_8")
+        with assert_raises(ClientError) as e:
+            client.stream_insert_numpy(
+                "/test/5", layout = "uint16_8",
+                data = client.stream_extract_numpy(
+                    "/newton/prep", structured = False, maxrows = 1000))
+        # timestamps will be screwy here, because data will be parsed wrong
+        in_("error parsing input data", str(e.exception))
+
+        # Make sure the /newton/prep copies are identical
+        a = np.vstack(client.stream_extract_numpy("/newton/prep"))
+        b = np.vstack(client.stream_extract_numpy("/test/2"))
+        c = np.vstack(client.stream_extract_numpy("/test/3"))
+        assert(np.array_equal(a,b))
+        assert(np.array_equal(a,c))
+
+        nilmdb.client.numpyclient.StreamInserterNumpy._max_data = old_max_data
+        client.close()
+
+    def test_numpyclient_04_context(self):
+        # Like test_client_context, but with Numpy data
+        client = nilmdb.client.numpyclient.NumpyClient(testurl)
+
+        client.stream_create("/context/test", "uint16_1")
+        with client.stream_insert_numpy_context("/context/test") as ctx:
+            # override _max_rows to trigger frequent server updates
+            ctx._max_rows = 2
+            ctx.insert([[1000, 1]])
+            ctx.insert([[1010, 1], [1020, 1], [1030, 1]])
+            ctx.insert([[1040, 1], [1050, 1]])
+            ctx.finalize()
+            ctx.insert([[1070, 1]])
+            ctx.update_end(1080)
+            ctx.finalize()
+            ctx.update_start(1090)
+            ctx.insert([[1100, 1]])
+            ctx.insert([[1110, 1]])
+            ctx.send()
+            ctx.insert([[1120, 1], [1130, 1], [1140, 1]])
+            ctx.update_end(1160)
+            ctx.insert([[1150, 1]])
+            ctx.update_end(1170)
+            ctx.insert([[1160, 1]])
+            ctx.update_end(1180)
+            ctx.insert([[1170, 123456789.0]])
+            ctx.finalize()
+            ctx.insert(np.zeros((0,2)))
+
+        with assert_raises(ClientError):
+            with client.stream_insert_numpy_context("/context/test",
+                                                    1000, 2000) as ctx:
+                ctx.insert([[1180, 1]])
+
+        with assert_raises(ClientError):
+            with client.stream_insert_numpy_context("/context/test",
+                                                    2000, 3000) as ctx:
+                ctx._max_rows = 2
+                ctx.insert([[3180, 1]])
+                ctx.insert([[3181, 1]])
+
+        with client.stream_insert_numpy_context("/context/test",
+                                                2000, 3000) as ctx:
+            # make sure our override wasn't permanent
+            ne_(ctx._max_rows, 2)
+            ctx.insert([[2250, 1]])
+            ctx.finalize()
+
+        with assert_raises(ClientError):
+            with client.stream_insert_numpy_context("/context/test",
+                                                    3000, 4000) as ctx:
+                ctx.insert([[3010, 1]])
+                ctx.insert([[3020, 2]])
+                ctx.insert([[3030, 3]])
+                ctx.insert([[3040, 4]])
+                ctx.insert([[3040, 4]]) # non-monotonic after a few lines
+                ctx.finalize()
+
+        eq_(list(client.stream_intervals("/context/test")),
+            [ [ 1000, 1051 ],
+              [ 1070, 1080 ],
+              [ 1090, 1180 ],
+              [ 2000, 3000 ] ])
+
+        client.stream_remove("/context/test")
+        client.stream_destroy("/context/test")
+        client.close()
+
+    def test_numpyclient_05_emptyintervals(self):
+        # Like test_client_emptyintervals, with insert_numpy_context
+        client = nilmdb.client.numpyclient.NumpyClient(testurl)
+        client.stream_create("/empty/test", "uint16_1")
+        def info():
+            result = []
+            for interval in list(client.stream_intervals("/empty/test")):
+                result.append((client.stream_count("/empty/test", *interval),
+                               interval))
+            return result
+        eq_(info(), [])
+
+        # Insert a region with just a few points
+        with client.stream_insert_numpy_context("/empty/test") as ctx:
+            ctx.update_start(100)
+            ctx.insert([[140, 1]])
+            ctx.insert([[150, 1]])
+            ctx.insert([[160, 1]])
+            ctx.update_end(200)
+            ctx.finalize()
+        eq_(info(), [(3, [100, 200])])
+
+        # Delete chunk, which will leave one data point and two intervals
+        client.stream_remove("/empty/test", 145, 175)
+        eq_(info(), [(1, [100, 145]),
+                     (0, [175, 200])])
+
+        # Try also creating a completely empty interval from scratch,
+        # in a few different ways.
+        client.stream_insert("/empty/test", "", 300, 350)
+        client.stream_insert("/empty/test", [], 400, 450)
+        with client.stream_insert_numpy_context("/empty/test", 500, 550):
+            pass
+
+        # If enough timestamps aren't provided, empty streams won't be created.
+        client.stream_insert("/empty/test", [])
+        with client.stream_insert_numpy_context("/empty/test"):
+            pass
+        client.stream_insert("/empty/test", [], start = 600)
+        with client.stream_insert_numpy_context("/empty/test", start = 700):
+            pass
+        client.stream_insert("/empty/test", [], end = 850)
+        with client.stream_insert_numpy_context("/empty/test", end = 950):
+            pass
+
+        # Try various things that might cause problems
+        with client.stream_insert_numpy_context("/empty/test", 1000, 1050):
+            ctx.finalize() # inserts [1000, 1050]
+            ctx.finalize() # nothing
+            ctx.finalize() # nothing
+            ctx.insert([[1100, 1]])
+            ctx.finalize() # inserts [1100, 1101]
+            ctx.update_start(1199)
+            ctx.insert([[1200, 1]])
+            ctx.update_end(1250)
+            ctx.finalize() # inserts [1199, 1250]
+            ctx.update_start(1299)
+            ctx.finalize() # nothing
+            ctx.update_end(1350)
+            ctx.finalize() # nothing
+            ctx.update_start(1400)
+            ctx.insert(np.zeros((0,2)))
+            ctx.update_end(1450)
+            ctx.finalize()
+            ctx.update_start(1500)
+            ctx.insert(np.zeros((0,2)))
+            ctx.update_end(1550)
+            ctx.finalize()
+            ctx.insert(np.zeros((0,2)))
+            ctx.insert(np.zeros((0,2)))
+            ctx.insert(np.zeros((0,2)))
+            ctx.finalize()
+
+        # Check everything
+        eq_(info(), [(1, [100, 145]),
+                     (0, [175, 200]),
+                     (0, [300, 350]),
+                     (0, [400, 450]),
+                     (0, [500, 550]),
+                     (0, [1000, 1050]),
+                     (1, [1100, 1101]),
+                     (1, [1199, 1250]),
+                     (0, [1400, 1450]),
+                     (0, [1500, 1550]),
+                     ])
+
+        # Clean up
+        client.stream_remove("/empty/test")
+        client.stream_destroy("/empty/test")
+        client.close()